Chronicle 29

January 25 - March 14 1999

sources: ACP, NCN, Africa News Online, Le Soir

Friday 1/29/99

- At least one soldier was killed and four soldiers were injured by collisions near Uvira between Rwandan military and Banyamulenge.

- A conference of the Congolese civil society and political opponents takes place in Montreal, Canada, with members of the UDPS, PALU, PDSC, FONUS, MNC-L, CNR and churches, and with observers of the Canadian government, African ngo'þ and African states. Neither the rebels nor the Congolese government are represented. Some resolutions are: participation of civil society and opposition in the peace consultations, a national Round Table Conference and the stationing of a peacekeeping force of 20 000 troops.

-Kabila promulgates a decree that admits the organisation of political parties.

-From Bangui (Central African Republic) is reported that Congolese troops are passing the CAR frontier on the run for the rebels, who are fighting in Equateur.

Sunday 1/31/99

- After a meeting with President Nujoma in Windhoek, Namibia, Kabila said to be ready for a cease-fire. However, he is still waiting the continuation of the Lusaka peace talks. He also calls on the international community to demand the withdrawal of the agressors from the Congolese territory.

Monday 2/1/99

- According to AFP the rebels have conquered the town of Lubao on their way to Mbuji Mayi.

-Deogratias Bugera, one of the foremen of the rebel movement, has formed a new movement: Mouvement des Reformatoires.

Tuesday 2/2/99

- President Chiluba of Zambia, is visiting Kinshasa for a meeting with Kabila to talk about the peace progress. He declares that two committees are preparing conditions for a cease-fire and security at the borderland. The first committee consists of Zambia, Rwanda, Uganda, Burundi and Congo; members of the OAU, SADC and the UN are assisting. The second committee consists of representatives from Zambia, Kenya, Mauritius, Botswana, also assisted by the three international organisations.

Wednesday 2/3/99

-Former Mobutu general Baramoto has joined the rebel movement. Two weeks ago he travelled from his South African residence to Uganda and now he stays in Equateur. He is owner of an aircraft fleet. Two other former Mobutu generals, Nzimbi and Mavua, are staying in Kisangani, the military headquarter of the rebels.

-Five journalists of the Congolese journal Le Potentiel have been arrested in Kinshasa. They had critisized some aspects of the new political parties decree. Some days later, they were released. Also arrested were Joseph Kapika, porte-parole of the UDPS, and Mungul Diaka, a former Mobutu minister.

Friday 2/5/99

-Kabila visited his colleague of Chad, Idriss-Deby. He says to be ready to talk about peace with Congolese in- and outside Congo. It is reported that the Chadians controle a great part of the Equateur.

Saturday 2/6/99

-Uganda and Rwanda left the consultations in Lusaka. They do not agree with the exclusion of the rebels from the talks.

-Howard Wolpe, the US envoy to the Great Lakes region, visiting Windhoek, says to expect that soon an agreement will be reached. Wolpe, who also visited Uganda, Angola and Kenya, argued that no party believes in a military solution.

-The civil society of South Kivu reported the preparation of war on a large scale. Rwanda is sending tanks and troops to Bukavu and Uvira, the Banyamulenge have withdrawn to the plateaus.

Monday 2/8/99

- Minister Silwamba of Zambia denies the departure of Uganda and Rwanda from the peace talks. The committee of the cease-fire would have accepted a draft document with appropriate schedule. The SADC has asked the UN Security Council to support the idea of the stationing of a peacekeeping force.

Wednesday 2/10/99

-The US State department spokesman, James Rubin, calls the conflicting parties on to a peace agreement and stresses the importance of the territorial integrity of Congo. The US is concerned about the smuggling from Congo of timber, gold and diamonds by the rebels and their allies.

Monday 2/15/99

-In Kinshasa there is a shortage of food and fuel. The economic situation has seriously deteriorated since the outbreak of the war.

-The UN rapporteur for Human Rights in Congo, mr Roberto Garreton, will make a visit of a week to Kinshasa and Goma from 16 February.

Wednesday 2/17/99

-AFP announces that the rebels are preparing to launch attacks on 3 fronts: In Equateur their aim is to conquer Mbandaka, in Central Congo they will march to the diamond city Mbuji Mayi, and in the South to Lubumbashi. About 60.000 troops will be involved in the attacks.

-Combat aircrafts of Kabila and his allies have executed bombardments on towns occupied by the rebels in Central and East Congo in order to counteract the advance of the rebels. It concerns the towns Kibombo and Ngunzu in Maniema, and Kabalo and Lubao in North-Katanga.
In the North, in Equateur fightings are taking place between the rebels of Bemba (the MLC) and troops of Kabila government. The stake of these fightings is the town Businga which is in the hands of Kabila. Allegedly 10.000 Congolese have in the flight crossed the frontier with the CAR.

-Kabilas allies, Namibia, Angola and Zimbabwe reportedly are involved in battles around Kabalo in Katanga and near Moba at the Lake Tanganyika. According to them the rebels, Uganda and Rwanda have been acting contradictionary to the peace consultations, by recruiting massively and investing in new high-tech weapons.

-Kabila visited Khartoem, the capital of Sudan.

-Finance minister Mawampanga planned to raise the governmental budget and to stimulate the economy. Some twenty projects should be taken up: a.o. the refining-works of SOCIR, adjustment of the fuel price, production of asphalt, diamond exploitation by the government and agricultural projects like coffee, cocoa, palm oil and cattle farming. The governmental financial institutions have to be improved by data processing. The costs could be carried up by raising of the domestic production.

Thursday 2/18/99

-The UN Security Council demands the conflicting parties, especially the rebels, to stop fighting.

Friday 2/19/99

-The rebels pretend to have conquered the town Businga in Equateur.

- South African journal Mail & Guardian reports that Angola withdrawn the main part of his troops from the Congo. These troops are now necessary to combat Unita, that is besieging the Angolan town Mbanza Congo, 200 km east of petrol centre Soyo.

-President Chiluba of Zambia, returning from a visit to Malawi, says that a solution is coming. In Malawi he has spoken with his colleague Mikili Muluzi.

Monday 2/22/99

-UN human rights rapporteur Garreton has given a declaration about the situation in Congo. Human rights violations are 'grave' especially in the eastern parts of the country under controle of the rebels. Eights armies and twelve rebel groups are fighting now. Garreton praised the minister of human rights, Okitundu; there were no obstacles to talk with whom he wanted to talk. In Goma Garreton did not have the opportunity to talk with opposition parties. The population in Kivu is living in great terror.

-Wamba dia Wamba, leader of the RCD, said that his rebel movement is financed by the Belgian government and also recieves support of other Western countries. His movement further relies on $ 5 million monthly of gold export to Europe via Uganda.
Rebel foreman Zahidi Ngoma has left the RCD and has founded a new movement, the Union des Congolais pour la Paix.

- The EU has offered to help with the reconstruction of Congo as soon as there has come an effective end to the fightings.

-The Zambian National Commercial Bank has opened an office in Lubumbashi.

Tuesday 2/23/99

The South-African minister of Foreign Affairs Pahad talked with Tony Lloyd, envoy of the British prime minister Tony Blair, among others about the Congolese conflict. Lloyd is paying visits to nine African countries. He expressed the support of the EU for African efforts to solve the conflict in Congo.

Friday 2/26/99

-American Mineral Fields has concluded a joint venture on fifty- fifty basis with Anglo American for the exploitation of the Kolwezi mines. The joint enterprise is named Congo Mineral Developments Ltd (CMD). Gecamines has a share of 40 %, CMD 60%.

-Kabila has dissolved his cabinet. Before long a new government will be formed.

-The peace efforts are continued with a summit of heads of state in Yaounde (Cameron). President Kabila is present as well as several other leaders of African states. At this meeting the formation of a Peace and Security Council (COPAX) by the UN advisory committee for security in Central Africa was announced.

-The president of Mocambique, mr Chissano, is visiting Kampala and Kinshasa.

-On 20 February the EU-envoy Aldo Ajello has had a talk with president Museveni of Uganda.

-On 25 february a report has been published by Human Rights Watch: Both the Congolese government and the rebels are commiting serious human rights abuses.

Monday 3/1/99

-The Congolese Central Bank has devaluated the Congolese franc. Now $ 1 is worth CF 2.95. At the start of the new Congolese currency in July 1998 it was CF 1.40 for $ 1.

- Every day between 150 and 200 Congolese take refuge to Tanzania. Since the start of the war more than 35.000 Congolese have sought asylum in that country.

Tuesday 3/4/99

The rebels announce to advance in the direction of Opala, a diamond city, about 150 km South of Kisangani.

-A source in South-Kivu, the Source Independante du Congo, says that Rwandan troops are performing operations in Kivu. Mid- February several villages have been attacked, a.o. Ngweshi, houses are burnt down and people killed. The Rwandans allegedly want control over the mines of Kamituga.
In North-Kivu the Rushuru region is very unsafe. Insecurity is caused by Hutu and Interahamwe as well as by Tutsi soldiers from Rwanda. According to sources in North-Kivu it concerns armed robbery, incendiarism and massive killings.

-The Kabila coalition has opened an attack on Kindu, Maniema, which is occupied by the rebels since October. The defense of Mbuyi-Mayi, East-Kasai, is in the hands of troops from Chad, Zimbabwe, Namibia en groups of Hutu military.

-About 8 to 10.000 Congolese are reported to have fled to Brazzaville because of fightings in Equateur.

-In the town Bolobo, at the borders of the Congo river between Kinshasa and Mbandaka, a new rebel movement has been formed: the Union des Nationalistes Republicains. It is led by ex-officers of Mobutu's DSP.

-In Cape Town president Mandela has met Mugabe and Nujomo.

Sunday, 3/7/1999

-The Canadian company, Tenge Mining Corporation, will stop the exploitation op the copper/cobalt project in Katanga because of the war situation.

Wednesday, 3/10/1999

-In Pretoria, S.A., a conference is taking place with participation of several opponents of Kabila, mobutists and rebels. The archbisshop Monsengwo of Kisangani is also among the participants. The conference has been organized on instigation of Mandela by the South-African ngo Accord.

-The rebels are conducting a new offensive near Pweto, a city in North-Katanga at the Lake Mweru. Thousands of Congolese are fleeing in the direction of Zambia.

-Intense fightings are taking place on several locations in North- Katanga and West of Kindu.

Friday, 3/12/1999

The rebels report that they have conquered the cities Pepa, Kaputo and Kasiki in Katanga. On the other hand the Congo-coalition says to have reconquered Mwenga, South-Kivu, and Sofa.

-UNHCR mentions that since 4 March about 5000 Congolese have fled to Zambia. The number of refugees from Congo to Tanzania since the beginning of the war is 42.283.


chronicle 9, september 29 -october 12 1997
chronicle 10, october 13 - october 26 1997
chronicle 11, october 27 - november 9, 1997
chronicle 12, november 10 -november 23 1997
chronicle 13, november 24 -december 7 1997
chronicle 14, december 8 1997 - january 4 1998
chronicle 15, january 5 - january 18 1998
chronicle 16, january 19 - february 1 1998
chronicle 17, february 2 - february 15 1998
chronicle 18, february 16 - march 1 1998
chronicle 19, march 2 - march 15 1998
chronicle 20, march 16 - march 29 1998
chronicle 21, march 30 - april 26 1998
chronicle 22, april 27 - mei 10 1998
chronicle 23, mei 11 - mei 31 1998
chronicle 24, juni 1 - august 26 1998
chronicle 25, august 27 - september 28 1998
chronicle 26,september 29- october 31 1998
chronicle 27, november 1- december 5 1998
chronicle 28, december 6 - january 24 1999